TY  - THES
A1  - Vollmann, Christian
T1  - Nonlocal models with truncated interaction kernels - analysis, finite element methods and shape optimization
N2  - Nonlocal operators are used in a wide variety of models and applications due to many natural phenomena being driven by nonlocal dynamics. Nonlocal operators are integral operators allowing for interactions between two distinct points in space. The nonlocal models investigated in this thesis involve kernels that are assumed to have a finite range of nonlocal interactions. Kernels of this type are used in nonlocal elasticity and convection-diffusion models as well as finance and image analysis. Also within the mathematical theory they arouse great interest, as they are asymptotically related to fractional and classical differential equations.

The results in this thesis can be grouped according to the following three aspects: modeling and analysis, discretization and optimization.

Mathematical models demonstrate their true usefulness when put into numerical practice. For computational purposes, it is important that the support of the kernel is clearly determined. Therefore nonlocal interactions are typically assumed to occur within an Euclidean ball of finite radius. In this thesis we consider more general interaction sets including norm induced balls as special cases and extend established results about well-posedness and asymptotic limits. 

The discretization of integral equations is a challenging endeavor. Especially kernels which are truncated by Euclidean balls require carefully designed quadrature rules for the implementation of efficient finite element codes. In this thesis we investigate the computational benefits of polyhedral interaction sets as well as geometrically approximated interaction sets. In addition to that we outline the computational advantages of sufficiently structured problem settings.

Shape optimization methods have been proven useful for identifying interfaces in models governed by partial differential equations. Here we consider a class of shape optimization problems constrained by nonlocal equations which involve interface-dependent kernels. We derive the shape derivative associated to the nonlocal system model and solve the problem by established numerical techniques.
KW  - Nonlocal convection-diffusion
KW  - Modellierung
KW  - Analysis
KW  - Diskretisierung
KW  - Optimierung
KW  - finite element method
KW  - shape optimization
KW  - fractional Poisson equation
KW  - multilevel Toeplitz
KW  - local limit
Y1  - 2019
UR  - https://ubt.opus.hbz-nrw.de/frontdoor/index/index/docId/1225
UR  - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:hbz:385-1-12259
ER  -