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A Satellite-Based Imaging Instrumentation Concept for Hyperspectral Thermal Remote Sensing

  • This paper describes the concept of the hyperspectral Earth-observing thermal infrared (TIR) satellite mission HiTeSEM (High-resolution Temperature and Spectral Emissivity Mapping). The scientific goal is to measure specific key variables from the biosphere, hydrosphere, pedosphere, and geosphere related to two global problems of significant societal relevance: food security and human health. The key variables comprise land and sea surface radiation temperature and emissivity, surface moisture, thermal inertia, evapotranspiration, soil minerals and grain size components, soil organic carbon, plant physiological variables, and heat fluxes. The retrieval of this information requires a TIR imaging system with adequate spatial and spectral resolutions and with day-night following observation capability. Another challenge is the monitoring of temporally high dynamic features like energy fluxes, which require adequate revisit time. The suggested solution is a sensor pointing concept to allow high revisit times for selected target regions (1"5 days at off-nadir). At the same time, global observations in the nadir direction are guaranteed with a lower temporal repeat cycle (>1 month). To account for the demand of a high spatial resolution for complex targets, it is suggested to combine in one optic (1) a hyperspectral TIR system with ~75 bands at 7.2"12.5 -µm (instrument NEDT 0.05 K"0.1 K) and a ground sampling distance (GSD) of 60 m, and (2) a panchromatic high-resolution TIR-imager with two channels (8.0"10.25 -µm and 10.25"12.5 -µm) and a GSD of 20 m. The identified science case requires a good correlation of the instrument orbit with Sentinel-2 (maximum delay of 1"3 days) to combine data from the visible and near infrared (VNIR), the shortwave infrared (SWIR) and TIR spectral regions and to refine parameter retrieval.

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Metadaten
Author:Thomas UdelhovenGND, Martin Schlerf, Karl Segl, Kaniska MallickORCiD, Christian Bossung, Rebecca Retzlaff, Gilles Rock, Peter Fischer, Andreas Müller, Tobias Storch, Andreas Eisele, Dennis Weise, Werner Hupfer, Thiemo Knigge
URN:urn:nbn:de:hbz:385-10990
Document Type:Article
Language:English
Date of completion:2017/10/06
Publishing institution:Universität Trier
Granting institution:Universität Trier
Contributing corporation:The publication was funded by the Open Access Fund of Universität Trier and the German Research Foundation (DFG)
Release Date:2017/10/06
Tag:food security; hyperspectral; satellite TIR mission; thermal remote sensing
GND Keyword:Ernährungssicherung; Hyperspektraler Sensor; Satellitenfernerkundung
Comment:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/s17071542
Source:Sensors 17 (2017)
Institutes:Fachbereich 6 / Raum- und Umweltwissenschaften
Dewey Decimal Classification:5 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik / 55 Geowissenschaften, Geologie / 550 Geowissenschaften

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