Filtern
Erscheinungsjahr
- 2022 (27) (entfernen)
Dokumenttyp
- Wissenschaftlicher Artikel (27) (entfernen)
Schlagworte
- China (4)
- Satellitenfernerkundung (4)
- COVID-19 (3)
- Deutschland (3)
- Pandemie (3)
- Degradation (2)
- MODIS (2)
- Modellierung (2)
- AFD (1)
- Adult and vocational education (1)
- AfD (1)
- Agency (1)
- Animal behaviour (1)
- Anpassung (1)
- Antiparasitäres Mittel (1)
- Argania spinosa (1)
- Arktis (1)
- Asylbewerberunterkunft (1)
- Atmosphärische Grenzschicht (1)
- Augenfolgebewegung (1)
- Ausgangsgestein (1)
- Auswahl (1)
- Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) (1)
- Bewaldung (1)
- Bildungstheorie (1)
- Boden (1)
- Bodenbearbeitung (1)
- Case-Based Reasoning (1)
- Coping strategies (1)
- Covid-19 (1)
- Deflation (1)
- Drift (1)
- Ecology (1)
- Economics (1)
- Educational theory (1)
- Episodisches Gedächtnis (1)
- Erwachsenen- und Berufsbildung (1)
- Feuersalamander (1)
- Forstlicher Standort (1)
- Fruchtbildung (1)
- Geistiges Eigentum (1)
- Genauigkeit (1)
- Germany (1)
- Gesichtsfeld (1)
- Grasslands (1)
- Griechenland (1)
- Grünland (1)
- HEXAGON (1)
- Herpetology (1)
- Humus (1)
- Hydrology (1)
- Hyperhidrose (1)
- Information Retrieval (1)
- Intention (1)
- Kakuma (1)
- Kenia (1)
- Kenya (1)
- Konformitätsprüfung (1)
- Künstliches Fließgewässer (1)
- Landnutzung (1)
- Langzeitgedächtnis (1)
- Laptev Sea (1)
- Laptewsee (1)
- Larve (1)
- Learning (1)
- Lernen (1)
- Lesvos (1)
- Limnology (1)
- Long-term memory (1)
- Luftbild (1)
- Luxemburg (1)
- Marokko (1)
- Mathematik (1)
- Meereis (1)
- Memory (1)
- Mineral (1)
- Mittelmoseltal (1)
- Moria (1)
- Motor mimicry (1)
- Mund-Nasen-Schutz (1)
- Neue Rechte (1)
- One-Belt-One-Road-Initiative (1)
- Organisationspädagogik (1)
- Organisationstheorie (1)
- Organization theory (1)
- Organizational education (1)
- Ozonbelastung (1)
- Patriotismus (1)
- Pflanzenwachstum (1)
- Problemlösen (1)
- Process-Oriented Case-Based Reasoning (1)
- Prosa (1)
- Provinz Copperbelt (1)
- Prozessanalyse (1)
- Psychology (1)
- Refugee camps (1)
- Rheinland-Pfalz (1)
- SARS-CoV-2 (1)
- SODAR (1)
- Sambia (1)
- Samenkeimung (1)
- Schafweide (1)
- Schwitzen (1)
- Science, technology and society (1)
- Seed germination (1)
- Selektivität (1)
- Sewernaja Semlja (1)
- Sheep (1)
- Siamese Graph Neural Networks (1)
- Social Media (1)
- Sociology (1)
- Sodar (1)
- Spektroradiometrie (1)
- Stadtforschung (1)
- Steilhang (1)
- Stipendiat (1)
- Stress (1)
- Student (1)
- Temperatur (1)
- Toxicity (1)
- Toxizität (1)
- Trier (1)
- Trockenheit (1)
- Umfrage (1)
- Vergessen (1)
- Verschwörungstheorie (1)
- Virtuelle Umgebung (1)
- Waldinventur (1)
- Weinbau (1)
- Windfeld (1)
- Wohnen (1)
- Wohnungspolitik (1)
- Working memory (1)
- aerial imagery (1)
- agricultural dust (1)
- argan tree (1)
- atmospheric boundary layer (1)
- atmospheric modeling (1)
- basal area increment (1)
- change mapping (1)
- conformance checking (1)
- conspiracy myths (1)
- conspiracy theories (1)
- cross-country (1)
- degradation (1)
- difference-in-differences (1)
- differentiated instruction (1)
- directed forgetting (1)
- drought (1)
- early response (1)
- education aid (1)
- emergency remote teaching (1)
- episodic memory (1)
- erosion measurement (1)
- event log preprocessing (1)
- event reconstruction (1)
- forest (1)
- forest degradation (1)
- foss (1)
- fructification (1)
- geobia (1)
- graph embedding (1)
- growth mixture modeling (1)
- housing (1)
- housing policy (1)
- ice thickness (1)
- inclusion (1)
- inclusive education (1)
- intellectual property rights (1)
- invisible deviating events (1)
- leads (1)
- long-term memory (1)
- low-level jets (1)
- miombo woodland (1)
- motion energy analysis (1)
- new right (1)
- nonverbal synchrony (1)
- open-canopy woodland (1)
- ozone (1)
- particulate matter (1)
- patents (1)
- plant architecture (1)
- polynyas (1)
- process mining (1)
- public perception (1)
- recurring events (1)
- regeneration (1)
- scholarship students (1)
- sea-ice (1)
- segmentation (1)
- selective forgetting (1)
- sentinel-2 (1)
- similarity-based retrieval (1)
- soil water content (1)
- sub-Saharan Africa (1)
- text memory (1)
- topographic flow (1)
- trademarks (1)
- tree density (1)
- uncritical patriotism (1)
- urban studies (1)
- wind erosion (1)
- woody cover (1)
- Übung (1)
Institut
- Raum- und Umweltwissenschaften (8)
- Fachbereich 6 (4)
- Psychologie (4)
- Wirtschaftswissenschaften (3)
- Fachbereich 2 (2)
- Informatik (2)
- Fachbereich 1 (1)
- Fachbereich 4 (1)
- Pädagogik (1)
- Soziologie (1)
Background: Hyperhidrosis (excessive sweating, OMIM %114110) is a complex disorder with multifactorial causes. Emotional strains and social stress increase symptoms and lead to a vicious circle. Previously, we showed significantly higher depression scores, and normal cortisol awakening responses in patients with primary focal hyperhidrosis (PFH). Stress reactivity in response to a (virtual) Trier Social Stress Test (TSST-VR) has not been studied so far. Therefore, we measured sweat secretion, salivary cortisol and alpha amylase (sAA) concentrations, and subjective stress ratings in affected and non-affected subjects in response to a TSST-VR.
Method: In this pilot study, we conducted TSST-VRs and performed general linear models with repeated measurements for salivary cortisol and sAA levels, heart rate, axillary sweat and subjective stress ratings for two groups (diagnosed PFH (n = 11), healthy controls (n = 16)).
Results: PFH patients showed significantly heightened sweat secretion over time compared to controls (p = 0.006), with highest quantities during the TSST-VR. In both groups, sweating (p < 0.001), maximum cortisol levels (p = 0.002), feelings of stress (p < 0.001), and heart rate (p < 0.001) but not sAA (p = 0.068) increased significantly in response to the TSST-VR. However, no differences were detected in subjective ratings, cortisol concentrations and heart rate between PFH patients and controls (pall > 0.131).
Conclusion: Patients with diagnosed PFH showed stress-induced higher sweat secretion compared to healthy controls but did not differ in the stress reactivity with regard to endocrine or subjective markers. This pilot study is in need of replication to elucidate the role of the sympathetic nervous system as a potential pathway involved in the stress-induced emotional sweating of PFH patients.
Objective: Attunement is a novel measure of nonverbal synchrony reflecting the duration of the present moment shared by two interaction partners. This study examined its association with early change in outpatient psychotherapy.
Methods: Automated video analysis based on motion energy analysis (MEA) and cross-correlation of the movement time-series of patient and therapist was conducted to calculate movement synchrony for N = 161 outpatients. Movement-based attunement was defined as the range of connected time lags with significant synchrony. Latent change classes in the HSCL-11 were identified with growth mixture modeling (GMM) and predicted by pre-treatment covariates and attunement using multilevel multinomial regression.
Results: GMM identified four latent classes: high impairment, no change (Class 1); high impairment, early response (Class 2); moderate impairment (Class 3); and low impairment (Class 4). Class 2 showed the strongest attunement, the largest early response, and the best outcome. Stronger attunement was associated with a higher likelihood of membership in Class 2 (b = 0.313, p = .007), Class 3 (b = 0.251, p = .033), and Class 4 (b = 0.275, p = .043) compared to Class 1. For highly impaired patients, the probability of no early change (Class 1) decreased and the probability of early response (Class 2) increased as a function of attunement.
Conclusions: Among patients with high impairment, stronger patient-therapist attunement was associated with early response, which predicted a better treatment outcome. Video-based assessment of attunement might provide new information for therapists not available from self-report questionnaires and support therapists in their clinical decision-making.
The Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) has had a significant impact on China in political, economic, and cultural terms. This study focuses on the cultural domain, especially on scholarship students from the countries that signed bilateral cooperation agreements with China under the BRI. Using an integrated approach combining the difference-in-differences method and the gravity model, we explore the correlation between the BRI and the increasing number of international scholarship students funded by the Chinese government, as well as the determinants of students' decision to study in China. The panel data from 2010 to 2018 show that the launch of BRI has had a positive impact on the number of scholarship students from BRI countries. The number of scholarship recipients from non-BRI countries also increased, but at a much slower rate than those from BRI countries. The sole exception is the United States, which has trended downward for both state-funded and self-funded students.
Advances in eye tracking technology have enabled the development of interactive experimental setups to study social attention. Since these setups differ substantially from the eye tracker manufacturer’s test conditions, validation is essential with regard to the quality of gaze data and other factors potentially threatening the validity of this signal. In this study, we evaluated the impact of accuracy and areas of interest (AOIs) size on the classification of simulated gaze (fixation) data. We defined AOIs of different sizes using the Limited-Radius Voronoi-Tessellation (LRVT) method, and simulated gaze data for facial target points with varying accuracy. As hypothesized, we found that accuracy and AOI size had strong effects on gaze classification. In addition, these effects were not independent and differed in falsely classified gaze inside AOIs (Type I errors; false alarms) and falsely classified gaze outside the predefined AOIs (Type II errors; misses). Our results indicate that smaller AOIs generally minimize false classifications as long as accuracy is good enough. For studies with lower accuracy, Type II errors can still be compensated to some extent by using larger AOIs, but at the cost of more probable Type I errors. Proper estimation of accuracy is therefore essential for making informed decisions regarding the size of AOIs in eye tracking research.
Der Beitrag diskutiert das Verhältnis von allgemeiner und beruflicher Bildung mithilfe einer pädagogischen Theorie der Organisation. Allgemeine Erwachsenen- und berufliche Bildung treffen sich darin, Prozess und Ergebnis der wechselseitigen Auseinandersetzung zwischen Organisationen und Individuen zu sein. Organisationen sind nicht nur Kontext von Bildung, sie sind selber gebildet und wirken pädagogisch. Der Beitrag erschließt die Funktion und Eigenlogik der Organisation in ihrem Verhältnis zu den Grundbegriffen der Erziehungswissenschaft. Der Vorschlag ermöglicht es, Lernen, Sozialisation, Erziehung, Bildung und Kompetenz in ihrer Geltung für die ineinander verflochtene Strukturdynamik von Organisation und Subjekt zu differenzieren. Als Alternative zur geläufigen Organisationsvergessenheit der Pädagogik integriert die differenzierende Ordnung dieser Begriffe eine erziehungswissenschaftliche Perspektive auf Individuum und Organisation.
Three Kinds of Rising-Falling Contours in German wh-Questions: Evidence From Form and Function
(2022)
The intonational realization of utterances is generally characterized by regional as well as inter- and intra-speaker variability in f0. Category boundaries thus remain “fuzzy” and it is non-trivial how the (continuous) acoustic space maps onto (discrete) pitch accent categories. We focus on three types of rising-falling contours, which differ in the alignment of L(ow) and H(igh) tones with respect to the stressed syllable. Most of the intonational systems on German have described two rising accent categories, e.g., L+H* and L*+H in the German ToBI system. L+H* has a high-pitched stressed syllable and a low leading tone aligned in the pre-tonic syllable; L*+H a low-pitched stressed syllable and a high trailing tone in the post-tonic syllable. There are indications for the existence of a third category which lies between these two categories, with both L and H aligned within the stressed syllable, henceforth termed (LH)*. In the present paper, we empirically investigate the distinctiveness of three rising-falling contours [L+H*, (LH)*, and L*+H, all with a subsequent low boundary tone] in German wh-questions. We employ an approach that addresses both the form and the function of the contours, also taking regional variation into account. In Experiment 1 (form), we used a delayed imitation paradigm to test whether Northern and Southern German speakers can imitate the three rising-falling contours in wh-questions as distinct contours. In Experiment 2 (function), we used a free association task to investigate whether listeners interpret the pragmatic meaning of the three contours differently. Imitation results showed that German speakers—both from the North and the South—reproduced the three contours. There was a small but significant effect of regional variety such that contours produced by speakers from the North were slightly more distinct than those by speakers from the South. In the association task, listeners from both varieties attributed distinct meanings to the (LH)* accent as opposed to the two ToBI accents L+H* and L*+H. Combined evidence from form and function suggests that three distinct contours can be found in the acoustic and perceptual space of German rising-falling contours.
This paper tested the ability of Mandarin learners of German, whose native language has lexical tone, to imitate pitch accent contrasts in German, an intonation language. In intonation languages, pitch accents do not convey lexical information; also, pitch accents are sparser than lexical tones as they only associate with prominent words in the utterance. We compared two kinds of German pitch-accent contrasts: (1) a “non-merger” contrast, which Mandarin listeners perceive as different and (2) a “merger” contrast, which sounds more similar to Mandarin listeners. Speakers of a tone language are generally very sensitive to pitch. Hypothesis 1 (H1) therefore stated that Mandarin learners produce the two kinds of contrasts similarly to native German speakers. However, the documented sensitivity to tonal contrasts, at the expense of processing phrase-level intonational contrasts, may generally hinder target-like production of intonational pitch accents in the L2 (Hypothesis 2, H2). Finally, cross-linguistic influence (CLI) predicts a difference in the realization of these two contrasts as well as improvement with higher proficiency (Hypothesis 3, H3). We used a delayed imitation paradigm, which is well-suited for assessing L2-phonetics and -phonology because it does not necessitate access to intonational meaning. We investigated the imitation of three kinds of accents, which were associated with the sentence-final noun in short wh-questions (e.g., Wer malt denn Mandalas, lit: “Who draws PRT mandalas?” “Who likes drawing mandalas?”). In Experiment 1, 28 native speakers of Mandarin participated (14 low- and 14 high-proficient). The learners’ productions of the two kinds of contrasts were analyzed using General Additive Mixed Models to evaluate differences in pitch accent contrasts over time, in comparison to the productions of native German participants from an earlier study in our lab. Results showed a more pronounced realization of the non-merger contrast compared to German natives and a less distinct realization of the merger contrast, with beneficial effects of proficiency, lending support to H3. Experiment 2 tested low-proficient Italian learners of German (whose L1 is an intonation language) to contextualize the Mandarin data and further investigate CLI. Italian learners realized the non-merger contrast more target-like than Mandarin learners, lending additional support to CLI (H3).