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GIS – what can and what can’t it say about social relations in adaptation to urban flood risk?
(2017)
Urban flooding cannot be avoided entirely and in all areas, particularly in coastal cities. Therefore adaptation to the growing risk is necessary. Geographical Information Systems (GIS) based knowledge on risk informs location-based approach to adaptation to climate risk. It allows managing city- wide coordination of adaptation measures, reducing adverse impacts of local strategies on neighbouring areas to the minimum. Quantitative assessments dominate GIS applications in flood risk management, for instance to demonstrate the distribution of people and assets in a flood prone area. Qualitative, participatory approaches to GIS are on the rise but have not been applied in the context of flooding yet. The overarching research question of this working paper is: what can GIS, and what can it not say about relationships / social relations in adaptation to urban flood risk? The use of GIS in risk mapping has exposed environmental injustices. Applications of GIS further allow model- ling future flood risk in function of demographic and land use changes, and combining it with decision support systems (DSS). While such GIS applications provide invaluable information for urban planners steering adaptation they however fall short on revealing the social relations that shape individual and household adaptation decisions. The relevance of networked social relations in adaptation to flood risk has been demonstrated in case studies, and extensively in the literature on organizational learning and adaptation to change. The purpose of this literature review is to identify the type of social relations that shape adaptive capacities towards urban flood risk which can- not be identified in a conventional GIS application.
The main socio-ecological pressures in five wetlands in the Greater Accra Region were first identified and then summarized by reviewing the relevant literature. As a second step, fieldwork in the region was carried out in 2016 to further examine the pressures identified in the literature. Most research on the wetlands in Ghana was published around the year 2000. Yet, similar socio-ecological pressures persist today. Based on both, fieldwork observations and the literature review, these pressures were ranked using the IUCN pressures system analysis framework. It is suggested that further research needs to proceed with uncovering how trade-offs between ecosystem and quality of life can be defined.
As in many other cities of the Global South, in Accra and its Greater Metropolitan Area (GAMA) water provision for drinking, domestic and productive uses is coproduced by multiple provisioning and delivery modalities. This paper contributes to the overall understanding of sociospatial conditions of urban water (in)security in GAMA. By looking at the geography of infrastructure and inequalities in water access, it seeks to identify patterns of uneven access to water. The first part provides an overview of urban water supply in GAMA, focusing on water infrastructure and the perspective of water providers. In the second part, households’ access strategies are discussed by combining both quantitative and qualitative perspectives. The paper brings together literature research and empirical material collected during fieldwork in the Ghanaian capital city.
Understanding the mechanisms that shape access to the fisheries ecosystem service in Tsokomey, Accra
(2019)
Questions of access to ecosystem services remain largely unaddressed. Yet, in the coming decades, addressing access to services and securing them for livelihoods and well-being of people will likely gain importance, especially to guide according policies at the local scale. Through a qualitative approach, this paper addresses the mechanisms that shape access to the fisheries eco- system service in Accra, Ghana. The analysis uses a framework that focuses on access to land, tools and technology, knowledge and information, capital and credit, as well as labor. This research reveals how access is organized across the different categories of this framework and how people’s well-being is shaped. Moreover, it helps to further our understanding of what regulates the access to ecosystem services and how to address future shocks and capacity in terms of production of ecosystem services.
Das Policy Paper ‚Handlungsbedarfe für die Raumentwicklung der Großregion aus Sicht der Forschung‘ fasst wesentliche Erkenntnisse von Forscher*innen des UniGR-Center for Border Studies in fünf für die Großregion relevanten Bereichen (Demographie und Migration, Verkehr, Beschäftigung und wirtschaftliche Entwicklung, Energielandschaften, Grenzüberschreitende Governance) zusammen und formuliert Handlungsoptionen für die Planungspraxis und politische Entscheidungsträger*innen. Darüber hinaus thematisiert es den Wissensaus-tausch zwischen Forschung und Politik.
Mit vorliegendem Dokument sollen Überlegungen zur Rolle der Ausbildung auf dem grenzüberschreitenden
Arbeitsmarkt angestellt werden. Hierfür werden gleichzeitig die durch die verschiedenen Hefte der Großregion, als auch die bei der am 1. Dezember 2020 organisierten Online-Podiumsdiskussion zum Thema „Mismatches, Kompetenzen, Ausbildung… Welche Passverhältnisse für den grenzüberschreitenden Arbeitsmarkt?“ angeregten Diskussionen herangezogen. Konkreter ausgedrückt beabsichtigt dieser Beitrag, eine Antwort auf folgende Frage zu geben: wie können die Ausbildung und deren unterschiedliche Praxismaßnahmen in den beruflichen Bereichen, aber auch in schulischen und universitären Bereichen dazu beitragen, die Ungleichgewichte abzumildern, die auf dem Arbeitsmarkt der Großregion zu beobachten sind? Insofern liefert das Dokument einige Denkanstöße für die grenzüberschreitende Zusammenarbeit im Ausbildungsbereich.
Trotz des Rückgangs der Einwohner*innenzahl, kommunaler wohnungspolitischer Maßnahmen und der Pandemie steigen die Göttinger Mieten weiterhin. Besonders Menschen mit geringen Einkommen haben nach wie vor große Probleme, eine bezahlbare Wohnung in Göttingen zu finden. In diesem Wohnraumatlas zeigen wir die Entwicklung der Angebotsmieten auf. Zudem verdeutlichen wir, dass der Mietwohnungsmarkt in Teilmärkte segmentiert ist, für deren Identifizierung wir Ansätze liefern. Damit wollen wir stadtpolitisch Aktiven und anderen Interessierten Materialien an die Hand geben, um die Wohnungspolitik der Stadt einordnen zu können.